The spread of border-related powers inland is inseparable from the broader expansion of government intrusion in the lives of ordinary Americans.
DEATH NOTE RULES BORDER FULL
Given Border Patrol's lack of transparency, and in the absence of any meaningful oversight, there is still much that we don't know about the full extent and impact of these interior "border enforcement" operations.
The ACLU has documented numerous cases of abuse by Border Patrol and filed lawsuits to obtain more information about the agency's practices. The Border Patrol also frequently pulls over motorists in "roving patrol" stops, often without any suspicion that an immigration violation has occurred. In practice, however, Border Patrol agents often do not limit themselves to brief immigration inquiries and regularly conduct criminal investigations and illegal searches at checkpoints. 
Checkpoints cannot be primarily used for drug-search or general law enforcement efforts. The Supreme Court has upheld the use of immigration checkpoints, but only insofar as the stops consist only of a brief and limited inquiry into residence status. The ACLU believes that these checkpoints amount to dragnet, suspicionless stops that cannot be reconciled with Fourth Amendment protections. For example, Border Patrol, according to news reports, operates approximately 170 interior checkpoints throughout the country (the actual number in operation at any given time is not publicly known).
Federal border agents are stopping, interrogating, and searching Americans on an everyday basis with absolutely no suspicion of wrongdoing, and often in ways that our Constitution does not permit. At least two federal circuit courts condone Border Patrol operations outside the 100-mile zone, federal regulations and Supreme Court precedent notwithstanding. The Border Patrol often ignores this regulation and, aside from limiting interior checkpoint locations to within the 100-mile zone, rejects any geographic limitation on agents' authority. At the time, there were fewer than 1,100 Border Patrol agents nationwide today, there are over 21,000. Department of Justice in 1953-without any public comments or debate. The regulations establishing the 100-mile border zone were adopted by the U.S. Outdated Legal Authority and Lack of Oversight metropolitan areas, as determined by the 2010 Census, also fall within this zone: New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Phoenix, San Antonio, San Diego and San Jose. Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island and Vermont lie entirely or almost entirely within this area. Roughly two-thirds of the United States' population lives within the 100-mile zone-that is, within 100 miles of a U.S. The reality is that Border Patrol's interior enforcement operations encroach deep into and across the United States, affecting the majority of Americans. Many people think that border-related policies only impact people living in border towns like El Paso or San Diego. No matter what CBP officers and Border Patrol agents think, our Constitution applies throughout the United States, including within this “100-mile border zone.” Department of Homeland Security, and the consistent failure of CBP to hold agents accountable for abuse. These problems are compounded by inadequate training for Border Patrol agents, a lack of oversight by CBP and the U.S. In practice, Border Patrol agents routinely ignore or misunderstand the limits of their legal authority in the course of individual stops, resulting in violations of the constitutional rights of innocent people. Similarly, Border Patrol cannot search vehicles in the 100-mile zone without a warrant or "probable cause" (a reasonable belief, based on the circumstances, that an immigration violation or crime has likely occurred). Border Patrol, nevertheless, cannot pull anyone over without "reasonable suspicion" of an immigration violation or crime (reasonable suspicion is more than just a "hunch"). For instance, Border Patrol can operate immigration checkpoints. In this 100-mile zone, Border Patrol agents have certain additional authorities. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) authority to operate within 100 miles of any U.S. Specifically, federal regulations give U.S. Even in places far removed from the border, deep into the interior of the country, immigration officials enjoy broad-though not limitless-powers. 
For example, at border crossings (also called "ports of entry"), federal authorities do not need a warrant or even suspicion of wrongdoing to justify conducting what courts have called a "routine search," such as searching luggage or a vehicle.
According to the government, however, these basic constitutional principles do not apply fully at our borders. Constitution protects Americans from random and arbitrary stops and searches.
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